The essay's opening sequence is a composite. Grenfell is a file.
On 14 June 2017 the fire at Grenfell Tower killed 72 people. Sir Martin Moore-Bick's Phase 2 report (4 September 2024) said the deaths were avoidable and that the residents were badly failed. Three public offices sat on the same building.
Building control at the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea was supposed to check that the 2015–16 refurbishment met the Building Regulations. The inquiry found it did not scrutinise the design or the choice of materials, and did not satisfy itself that the finished work complied. It "bears considerable responsibility for the dangerous condition of the building immediately on completion of the work."
Housing sat with Kensington and Chelsea Tenant Management Organisation, jointly with the council. Phase 2 found "persistent indifference" to fire safety in both, and that the TMO treated fire safety as an inconvenience rather than a duty to the people who lived there.
Fire sat with the London Fire Brigade, which owned "stay put" and the operational response. Phase 2 tied its failures to a chronic lack of management and to lessons from the 2009 Lakanal House fire that had not been taken.
Dame Judith Hackitt's Independent Review of Building Regulations and Fire Safety (final report, 17 May 2018) had already called the whole system "not fit for purpose." One of her four system failures was "lack of clarity on roles and responsibilities": ambiguity over where responsibility lies, made worse by fragmentation. She named the overlap between the Housing Act 2004 (homes, via the Housing Health and Safety Rating System) and the Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005 (common parts, a "responsible person") as a confusion the new framework had to remove.
Some of those offices also failed their own jobs. This is not a clean "every handler returned success." The unmatched object is still the fire performance of the refurbished building as a whole. Building control could sign off a construction. The fire service could inspect common parts. The landlord could commission a risk assessment of occupied housing. Nobody owned the cladding-plus-insulation-plus-stay-put conjunction until 72 people were dead.
Competing repair, not a missing office.
Hackitt did not ask for a general owner of unmatched public objects. She asked for a "clear model of risk ownership": Client, Designer, Contractor, and Owner, overseen by a new Joint Competent Authority. The Building Safety Act 2022 is that model with names. Section 72 defines an accountable person for a higher-risk building (seven storeys or 18 metres, two residential units). Section 73 makes one of them the principal accountable person. The Building Safety Regulator is now the building-control authority for that class, and residents who are ignored can go to it.
That is a new ordinary route for a class that became famous. It is not a fallback for whatever currently fits no case type. The essay's eighth operation already says a repeated miss should become an ordinary route. Grenfell is that operation, paid for in arrears.
They come apart on timing. If the missing piece is a general no-match owner, some office would have had to emit, before June 2017, a written state: nobody owns the fire performance of this cladding system as installed. If the missing piece is a named dutyholder for a recognised class, you get the Act after the body count, and ACM on a high-rise is no longer an exception. Discriminator: in the pre-2017 resident complaints and the department's own cladding file, did anyone have a duty to dispose of the conjunction, or only of their fragment.